Photovoltaic power injection control based on a virtual synchronous machine strategy




HIGHLIGHTS
  • What: In this paper a photovoltaic injection system is designed with a virtual synchronous machine control strategy to provide voltage and frequency support to the grid. Unlike the work mentioned above, it is intended to apply frequency support without considering a constant DC source or energy storage as batteries.
  • Who: Miguel Albornoz and colleagues from the Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile have published the paper: Photovoltaic Power Injection Control Based on a Virtual Synchronous Machine Strategy, in the Journal: Sensors 2024, 24, 4039. of /2024/
  • How: The results showed that the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is one of the best devices for compensating voltage and improving the power capacity of a transmission line. In the simulations of a grid and a synchronverter with a PV array as the DC source were studied and the results showed that the PV power injection was enhanced using the synchronverter. In this work a capacitance of 2.35 (mF) is considered and the controller is tuned to achieve a settling time of 1 s and a damping constant of 0.707 as illustrated. In this paper an MPPT based on measurement cells is used .
  • Future: Future work will consider a non-infinite bar where the changes in voltage magnitude produced by the compensation will be observed. The disadvantage lies in the economic losses incurred by not making the most of the available energy the impact of which will be studied in future work.
SUMMARY

    In, an analysis of the hosting capacity is made, considering different power quality issues related to PV power generation; the authors concluded that voltage magnitude problems are some of the main issues limiting PV penetration in power grids. Of 18 According to, traditional voltage mitigation techniques, such as capacitor banks or transformers with tap changers, are not sufficient to compensate for voltage fluctuations in a high PV penetration environment because these solutions were not designed to operate in grids with bidirectional power flows or abrupt power changes. Some solutions that could improve power quality are battery energy storage systems, smart load control, PV curtailment, reactive power control strategies applied to PV inverters, and reactive power management of distributed generators, where photovoltaic sources have high reactive power availability, as demonstrated, where the authors apply a distributed reactive power management algorithm in a multi-agent distribution system, achieving an improved voltage profile. An alternative that allows for the control of reactive power flows and the stabilization of voltage magnitude in grid buses is a flexible alternating current (ASC) transmission system (FACTS), which consists of power converters specialized in providing compensation functions. Taking advantage of the similarity of the power converter topology, researchers proposed integrating STATCOM functions into PV inverters to provide voltage support in addition to PV power injection. Due to the inherent relationship between the power reserves of the electrical system with the frequency, it is necessary to adjust the power injection from the photovoltaic arrangement, i.e., to decrease the injected power when the frequency increases or to increase the power injection when the network frequency decreases. This synchronverter effectively compensates reactive power during voltage sag and swell events, 16 of 18 ensuring the seamless injection of PV power without compromising synchronization with the grid. @@

LAY DEFINITIONS
  • Alternating current: Alternating current (AC) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction. Alternating current is the form in which electric power is delivered to businesses and residences, and it is the form of electrical energy that consumers typically use when they plug kitchen appliances, televisions, fans and electric lamps into a wall socket
  • Direct current: Direct current is the unidirectional flow of electric charge. Direct current is produced by sources such as batteries, power supplies, thermocouples, solar cells, or dynamos
  • Transmission system: In telecommunications, a transmission system is a system that transmits a signal from one place to another. The signal can be an electrical, optical or radio signal
  • Injection: Introduction of substances into the body using a needle and syringe.
  • Maximum power point tracking: Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) or sometimes just power point tracking (PPT) is a technique used commonly with wind turbines and photovoltaic solar systems to maximize power extraction under all conditions. Although it primarily applies to solar power, the principle applies generally to sources with variable power: for example, optical power transmission and thermophotovoltaics
  • Photovoltaics: Photovoltaics covers the conversion of light into electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect, a phenomenon studied in physics, photochemistry, and electrochemistry. A typical photovoltaic system employs solar panels, each comprising a number of solar cells, which generate electrical power

Licence: cc-by

Site reference: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/13/4039/pdf?version=1718959447

DOI reference: https://www.doi.org/10.3390/s24134039

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source https://magazine.sciencepod.net/photovoltaic-power-injection-control-based-on-a-virtual-synchronous-machine-strategy/

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